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Customer Lifetime Value (CLV/LTV)

The predicted total revenue a customer will generate throughout their entire relationship with your company. CLV is the cornerstone of acquisition economics, determining how much you can profitably spend to acquire and retain each customer.

Customer lifetime value combines average revenue per customer, gross margin, retention rate, and relationship duration into a single forward-looking metric. The simplest calculation is: Average Revenue Per Account x Gross Margin x Average Customer Lifespan. More sophisticated models factor in expansion revenue, referral value, and discount rates for future cash flows.

For growth teams, CLV is the metric that governs acquisition strategy. It sets the ceiling on how much you can spend to acquire a customer (your CPA must be meaningfully less than CLV for sustainability). It also guides retention investment: knowing the lifetime value of a customer segment helps you determine how much to invest in keeping them. Segment CLV by acquisition channel, plan type, company size, and use case to understand which customer segments are most valuable. Use CLV predictions to inform lead scoring: leads from high-CLV segments deserve more sales attention. The most impactful way to improve CLV is usually improving retention rather than increasing price, since even small retention improvements compound dramatically over multi-year customer relationships.

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